m zaka zaposachedwa, biofuel ethanol yakula mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuti dziko langa lili ndi mphamvu zopangira zinthu zina m’gawoli, padakali kusiyana kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka. M'kupita kwa nthawi, chitukuko cha biofuel ethanol chidzalimbikitsa bwino kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi kufunikira ndikuyendetsa chitukuko cha zachuma kumidzi.
"Bizinesi yamafuta amafuta amtundu wa ethanol yakhala malo atsopano azachuma komanso njira yofunika kwambiri yotukula chuma chakumidzi. Kupanga kwa biofuel ethanol m'dziko langa pano kuli pafupifupi matani 2.6 miliyoni, omwe akadali kusiyana kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka, ndipo kukwezedwa kwina ndikofunikira. "Qiao Yingbin, katswiri waukadaulo wamankhwala komanso mkulu wakale wa Unduna wa Sayansi ndi Ukadaulo wa Sinopec, adatero pamsonkhano wolumikizana ndi atolankhani womwe wachitika posachedwa.
Mowa wa biofuel ukhoza kupangidwa kukhala mafuta a ethanol agalimoto. Akatswiri amakampani akukhulupirira kuti kufunikira kopanga mafuta amtundu wa ethanol ndikuthana ndi mavuto azaulimi. Kwa zaka zambiri, dziko langa lakhala likukulitsa kukula kwa kutembenuka kwa chimanga mu-situ, ndipo njira imodzi yotulukira ndi kupanga biofuel ethanol.
Zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi zikuwonetsa kuti kupanga kwa biofuel ethanol kumatha kukhazikitsa njira zanthawi yayitali, zokhazikika komanso zowongolera ndikusintha njira zopangira zinthu zambiri zaulimi, ndikuwongolera kuthekera kwadziko kuwongolera msika wambewu. Mwachitsanzo, United States imagwiritsa ntchito 37% ya chimanga chonse kuti ipange mafuta a ethanol, omwe amasunga mtengo wa chimanga; Dziko la Brazil, mwa kupanga pamodzi nzimbe-shuga-ethanol, imatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa mitengo ya nzimbe yapanyumba ndi shuga ndi kuteteza zofuna za alimi.
"Kupangidwa kwa biofuel ethanol kumathandizira kulimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi kufunikira kwa chakudya, kupanga njira yabwino yopangira chakudya ndikugwiritsa ntchito, potero kukhazikika kwaulimi, kutsegulira alimi njira zowonjezerera ndalama, ndikuyendetsa ntchito zaulimi komanso chitukuko chachuma chakumidzi. . Maziko a mafakitale amafuta a ethanol amathandizira kutsitsimutsa kumpoto chakum'mawa. " Anatero Yue Guojun, wophunzira wa Chinese Academy of Engineering.
Malinga ndi kuyerekezera, kutulutsa kwapachaka kwa dziko langa kwa mbewu zomwe zachedwa kwambiri komanso zomwe sizingafanane bwino zimatha kuthandizira kuchuluka kwamafuta amafuta a ethanol. Kuonjezera apo, malonda a pachaka a chimanga ndi chinangwa pamsika wapadziko lonse amafika matani 170 miliyoni, ndipo 5% akhoza kusinthidwa kukhala matani pafupifupi 3 miliyoni a biofuel ethanol. The zoweta pachaka zilipo udzu ndi zinyalala nkhalango kuposa matani 400 miliyoni, 30% amene akhoza kutulutsa matani 20 miliyoni biofuel Mowa. Zonsezi zimapereka chitsimikizo chodalirika chazinthu zopangira zowonjezera kupanga ndi kugwiritsira ntchito biofuel ethanol ndikukwaniritsa chitukuko chokhazikika.
Osati kokha, biofuel Mowa angathenso kuchepetsa mpweya woipa ndi utsi wa particulate nkhani, carbon monoxide, ma hydrocarbons ndi zinthu zina zoipa mu utsi wa galimoto, amene amathandiza kusintha chilengedwe chilengedwe.
Pakalipano, kupanga mafuta a ethanol padziko lonse ndi matani 79.75 miliyoni. Pakati pawo, United States idagwiritsa ntchito matani 45.6 miliyoni amafuta a chimanga, omwe amawerengera 10,2% yamafuta ake, adachepetsa migolo ya 510 miliyoni yamafuta osatulutsidwa kunja, adapulumutsa $ 20.1 biliyoni, adapanga $42 biliyoni mu GDP ndi ntchito 340,000, ndikuwonjezera misonkho ndi $8.5 biliyoni. Dziko la Brazil limapanga matani 21.89 miliyoni a ethanol pachaka, kuposa 40% yamafuta amafuta, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi ya ethanol ndi bagasse ndi 15,7% yamagetsi adzikolo.
Dziko lapansi likukula mwamphamvu makampani opanga mafuta a ethanol, ndipo China ndi chimodzimodzi. Mu Seputembala 2017, dziko langa lidati pofika chaka cha 2020, dzikolo lidzakwaniritsa kuphimba kwathunthu kwa mafuta a ethanol pamagalimoto. Pakalipano, zigawo za 11 ndi zigawo zodziyimira pawokha m'dziko langa zikuyesa kukwezera mafuta a ethanol, ndipo kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta a ethanol kumapanga gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a mafuta a dziko lonse nthawi yomweyo.
Kupanga kwa biofuel ethanol m'dziko langa ndi pafupifupi matani 2.6 miliyoni, kuwerengera 3% yokha ya dziko lonse lapansi, ndikuyika pachitatu. Yoyamba ndi yachiwiri ndi United States (matani 44.1 miliyoni) ndi Brazil (matani 21.28 miliyoni) motero, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti dziko langa la biofuel ethanol lidakali ndi malo ambiri a chitukuko.
Pambuyo pa zaka zopitirira khumi za chitukuko cha mafakitale a biofuel ethanol m'dziko langa, matekinoloje opangira 1 ndi 1.5th m'badwo wogwiritsa ntchito chimanga ndi chinangwa monga zopangira ndi zokhwima komanso zokhazikika. chikhalidwe.
"Dziko langa lili ndi mwayi wotsogola ukadaulo wa biofuel ethanol. Sizingatheke kukwaniritsa cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito mafuta a E10 Mowa m'dziko lonselo mu 2020, komanso ukadaulo ndi zida zotumizira kunja kuti zithandizire mayiko ena kukhazikitsa ndikukula makampani amafuta amafuta amafuta amtundu wa ethanol. Qiao Yingbin adatero.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-23-2022