Vuto la zopangira zida nthawi zonse lakhala vuto lalikulu lomwe likuvutitsa makampani opanga magetsi, komanso ndivuto lomwe makampani ayenera kukumana nalo ndikuthetsa.
Malinga ndi mfundo ndi mfundo zomwe sizigwiritsa ntchito chakudya komanso zomwe sizikhala m'malo olimidwa, dziko langa lakhazikitsa njira zosinthira mbewu kuchokera ku "Eleventh Five -Year Plan".
Chifukwa biomass imatha kuphatikizira njira yabwino kwambiri yaulimi, nkhalango, mafakitale, mphamvu ndi chilengedwe, ndi zida zopangira, imatha kubweretsa win -win situation munjira zonse. Kukulitsa zopangira za ethanol yaku China ndizovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kulima zopangira ndikukonzekera. Mbewu zamphamvu, zomera komanso ngakhale ma microalgae, zomera zam'madzi, ndi zina zotero.
Choyamba, pankhani yaulimi ndi nkhalango, kulima zowuma kapena zopangira shuga monga zokolola zambiri, zosabereka, komanso zotsutsana ndi zosintha zabwino ziyenera kukulitsidwa. Kuchotsa malo ocheperako, saline - alkali, zipululu, etc., amabzalidwa mochuluka kuti akwaniritse zosowa za mafuta a ethanol; pa nthawi yomweyi, akhazikitse njira zokolola bwino kwambiri zamakina, kumanga mtolo, kupanga m'deralo, kusungirako, mayendedwe ndi njira zina zamakono zochepetsera mtengo wa zopangira.
Kachiwiri, pankhani ya kayendetsedwe ka chilengedwe, imatha kuphatikiza kuwononga nthaka ndikubzala mpunga wosakanizidwa wochuluka kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga mafuta a ethanol. Komabe, iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa kuti isalowe mu tebulo.
Kuphatikizidwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka madzi, chitukuko cha zomera za duckweed monga duckweed zomera ndi microalgae monga duckweed lalifupi monga duckweed ndi zina mkulu zili wowuma CHIKWANGWANI ntchito ngati zopangira zopangira tsogolo biomass madzi utsi.
Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwa zitsamba zazikulu zam'nyanja (algae zofiirira, algae ofiira, ndi zina zambiri) zolemera mu wowuma, CHIKWANGWANI ndi ma polysaccharides am'nyanja zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mwamphamvu kukulitsa kuthekera kwakukula kwamafuta amadzimadzi monga wowuma, CHIKWANGWANI, ndi ma polysaccharides am'madzi.
Pankhani ya thandizo la boma, Anhui Fengyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd. Mu 2005, kampaniyo idapereka ndalama zokwana 1,883 yuan pa tani yamafuta a ethanol.
Pakali pano, woyamba -m'badwo mafuta Mowa subsidy muyezo ndi tirigu monga zopangira ndi 300 yuan/tani, ndi 1.5 -m'badwo mafuta Mowa subsidy muyezo ndi chinangwa monga zopangira ndi 500 yuan/tani, ndi chachiwiri -m'badwo mafuta Mowa muyezo. ndi 800 yuan/ton.
Kuphatikiza apo, fibrous ethanol, mafuta odalirika amadzimadzi, ayenera kupereka chithandizo champhamvu pakukula kwaukadaulo wapamwamba; kwa mafakitale ogulitsa ulusi wa ethanol, thandizo loyenera komanso phindu la msonkho liyenera kuperekedwa malinga ndi ndalama zolimbikitsira chitukuko chake.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, makampani opanga mafuta a ethanol akuyenera kulimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndi kukulitsa kwa mafakitale, ndikupanga makampani opanga zinthu zambiri zoyenga zachilengedwe kuti achepetse ndalama. Akukhulupirira kuti ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo komanso kukwera kwamitengo yamafuta, mafuta a ethanol pamapeto pake adzachotsa kudalira ndalama za boma.
Khwerero 2:Mafuta amafuta amtundu wa mafuta a ethanol adadzukanso
Atsogoleri a Gulu la Ufumu Wachisanu ndi chiwiri akukonzekera kuthetsa ntchito ya mafuta padziko lonse lapansi mu 2100, idakhazikitsidwa mu 2100. Mawu a makampani a chitukuko cha mphamvu zamoyo, makamaka mafuta a ethanol.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana latsopano, pofuna kupulumutsa chuma chamtengo wapatali cha chakudya, chimbudzi ndi kusintha kwa chimanga (1638, -1.00, -0.06%), tirigu ndi mbewu zina zokalamba, dziko langa lamanga makampani 4 atsopano a ethanol ku Jilin, Henan, ndi Anhui pamalo opangira tirigu. Makampani ogwirizana nawo adalandira thandizo lamtengo wapatali. Mwachitsanzo, ndalama zopangira mafuta a ethanol omwe siambewu ndi 750 yuan pa tani imodzi, ethanol ya cellulose ndi 1200 yuan pa tani imodzi, ndipo amasangalala ndi 100% VAT, koyamba, ndikusapereka 5% ya msonkho wamafuta Dikirani kuchotsera. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mafuta a ethanol a dziko langa apeza zambiri pakukula kwa teknoloji, kupanga ndi kugwira ntchito, ndi kuyendetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ali ndi maziko abwino a chitukuko chapakati.
Komabe, poyerekeza ndi zolinga kuyembekezera, mmene mafuta Mowa panopa si zogwira mtima. Pali zopinga ziwiri zenizeni zachitukuko: imodzi ndi chitsimikizo chazinthu zopangira, ndipo inayo ndi kuchuluka kwa msika.
Pankhani ya chitsimikiziro cha zinthu zopangira, mbewu zakukalamba zomwe zili m'dziko langa zidadyedwa kale, ndipo ndikusintha kosalekeza kwa malo osungiramo chakudya, mbewu zaukali zatsopano zikucheperachepera, ndipo mbewu zopangira zidayamba kuchepa. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pankhani ya zinthu zopangira tirigu ndi zopanda tirigu, njira yomwe siinali yambewu yapano ndiyo imakhala pamwamba, choncho njira zazikulu zopangira zida ndi chinangwa, manyuchi okoma, udzu, ndi zina zowonjezera zaulimi ndi ulimi. kukonza nkhalango. Komabe chinangwa chili kutali kwambiri ndi kukula kwa mbewu. Manyuchi okoma nthawi zambiri ndi abwino kubzala m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ngakhale kuti pali zinthu zambiri zothandiza, derali n’lotalikirana kwambiri, ndipo n’kovuta kwambiri kuti munthu aikemo maganizo ake. Choncho, ngati simungathe kupeza zipangizo zotsika mtengo komanso zothandiza, mafuta a ethanol ali ngati mpunga wopanda mpunga.
Pankhani ya kuchuluka kwa msika, pambuyo pa gulu loyamba la ntchito zinayi zamafuta a ethanol ku China zidakhazikitsidwa, boma latseka motsatizana ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a ethanol ndi 10% gawo lamafuta amafuta ku Heilongjiang, Jilin, Henan, Anhui ndi zigawo zina. Chigawochi, komanso madera ena a Hubei, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, ndi Inner Mongolia. Komabe, ambiri, kutchuka dera la Mowa Kukwezeleza mafuta ndi yopapatiza, ndi okwana kumwa ndi yochepa. Poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta agalimoto onse, ndi ng'ombe zisanu ndi zinayi. Mwachiwonekere, mafuta a ethanol amalowetsedwa mwamphamvu ndi ndondomeko, ndipo msika uli kutali ndi kutsegulidwa.
Choncho, kuti athe zoweta mafuta Mowa kukhala makampani, m`pofunika kuthandiza zopangira kotunga m`munsi kuti chikufanana makampani; pa nthawi yomweyo, m`pofunika kuonjezera Kukwezeleza Mowa mafuta ndi kuonjezera kufunika. Kuonjezera apo, malire ofunikira ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti asafulumire ndi kupanga kuwonjezereka kwakukulu mu nthawi yochepa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-14-2022