m'zaka zaposachedwa, kutentha kwa udzu kumatulutsa zowononga mpweya wambiri monga sulfure dioxide, nitric dioxide, ndi zinthu zomwe zimakoka mpweya kuti ziwonjezere chifunga cham'tawuni. Kuwotcha udzu ndikoletsedwa ku imodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pantchito yoteteza zachilengedwe m'zaka zaposachedwa. Monga cholakwa china, mpweya wa mchira wa wopalamula utsi nawonso unakankhidwira kumutu. Poyang'anizana ndi kuipitsidwa komwe kumabwera ndi magalimoto, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonza mafuta abwino.
Lipoti la "Anhui Ecological Civilization Construction Development Report" lomwe latulutsidwa posachedwa likuwonetsa kuti mavuto ndi zochitika zomwe zimakumana ndi kupewa ndi kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa mpweya pa nthawi ya "Mapulani a Zaka khumi ndi Zisanu" zinali zovuta. Akatswiri oyenerera adanena kuti Chigawo cha Anhui ndi chigawo choyambirira kwambiri m'dziko langa kulimbikitsa mafuta a ethanol ndipo apindula bwino. Izi ziyenera kutenga ngati poyambira kuwonjezera khama kulimbikitsa Mowa petulo mu njira zonse bwino kuchepetsa chifunga.
Kukwezeleza mafuta agalimoto amafuta agalimoto kumatsogola mdziko muno
Onjezani gawo lina la mafuta a ethanol (omwe amadziwika kuti mowa) kumafuta wamba, ndikupanga mafuta amowa agalimoto. Malinga ndi mfundo za dziko, Mowa ndi blended ndi 90% ya mafuta wamba ndi 10% mafuta Mowa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta agalimoto, galimotoyo sifunikira kusintha injini.
Kuwonjezera kwa mafuta a ethanol kwawonjezera mpweya wa mpweya mu petulo, kupangitsa mafuta kuwotcha mokwanira, ndi kuchepetsa mpweya wa mankhwala a hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide, PM2.5; MTBE ndizovuta kutsitsa. Anthu akakumana ndi kuchuluka kwa MTBE, zimayambitsa zonyansa, kusanza, chizungulire ndi kusapeza kwina; pa nthawi yomweyo, zili aromatics mu mafuta yafupika, ndi yachiwiri PM2.5 mpweya akhoza kuchepetsedwa.
"Kukula kwa ethanol m'malo mwa mafuta sikungopulumutsa mphamvu, komanso kuchepetsa mpweya woipa wotulutsidwa ndi galimoto. Ndi nkhani yatsopano yomwe ingathandize kuteteza chilengedwe ndi chuma. Qiao Yingbin adanena kuti dziko langa lakhala dziko lalikulu loitanitsa mafuta kunja. Kukhudzidwa ndi chuma, kutsutsana pakati pa kupezeka ndi kufunikira kwa mafuta osapsa kukukulirakulira. Kumbali imodzi, mafuta agalimoto amagalimoto amathandizira kuchepetsa kusagwirizana pakati pa kusowa kwa mafuta, ndipo mbali ina, ndi yabwino kuwongolera chilengedwe chamlengalenga. Osankhika a ethanol amatha kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa gasi m'galimoto ndi 1/3, ndikupewa kuipitsidwa ndi madzi apansi.
Kafukufuku wambiri apeza kuti, poyerekeza ndi mafuta wamba, mafuta a ethanol amatha kuchepetsa umuna wa PM2.5 kuposa 40%. Pakati pawo, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a hydrocarbon (CH) muutsi wamagalimoto adatsika ndi 42.7%, ndipo mpweya wa monoxide (CO) unatsika ndi 34,8%.
Chigawo chathu chatsekedwa kwa zaka zoposa 10 kuyambira pa April 1, 2005, zomwe zabweretsa zotsatira zoonekeratu pakusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa utsi kuchokera pamene adagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a ethanol. Pofika chaka cha 2015, chigawochi chinagwiritsa ntchito matani okwana 2.38 miliyoni amafuta amafuta a ethanol, matani 23.8 miliyoni a mafuta a ethanol pagalimoto, ndi matani 7.88 miliyoni a mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide. Pakati pawo, pafupifupi matani 330,000 a mafuta a ethanol adagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2015 kuti achepetse mpweya wa carbon ndi matani 1.09 miliyoni. Kulimbikitsa mafuta agalimoto pamagalimoto, chigawo chathu chapita patsogolo mdziko muno.
Malinga ndi deta yochokera ku Provincial Public Security Traffic Management Department, kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2015, umwini wagalimoto wa chigawochi unali pafupifupi magalimoto 11 miliyoni, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a ethanol kunali kofanana ndi kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wa magalimoto pafupifupi 4.6 miliyoni, omwe osati anachepetsa chifunga m'tauni, komanso mogwira anachepetsa zotsatira Mfumu wowonjezera kutentha mpweya. Kuyambira mu 2015, chigawo chathu chakhala chikuwona "kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa PM10 mosalekeza komanso kuyesetsa kuchepetsa nyengo ya chifunga" ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popewa kuwononga mpweya.
Mbewu za m'mimba zimathandizira kuti chimanga chichuluke kwambiri
Pofuna kugaya tirigu wokalamba, dziko langa lidalowa mu gawo lokwezera mafuta a ethanol mu 2002. Chigawo chathu ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zomwe zimapanga mafuta a ethanol kale, komanso ndi chigawo cholimbikitsa mafuta a ethanol mdziko muno. Pakali pano, processing yakuya ya chimanga ali patsogolo pa dziko, ndipo wapanga wathunthu kugula chimanga, processing, ndi kupanga mafuta Mowa, ndi unyolo mafakitale kuti chatsekedwa ndi kulimbikitsa m'chigawo. Chiwerengero chonse cha chimanga chomwe chimapangidwa m'chigawochi chikhoza kukonzedwa m'chigawochi. Panopa mafuta Mowa linanena bungwe ndi matani 560,000, ntchito chigawo m'chigawo ndi matani 330,000, ndi osakaniza Mowa mafuta oposa matani 3.3 miliyoni. Mlingo wamakampani ndi womwe uli patsogolo kwambiri mdziko muno. Zimaperekanso malekezero okhazikika ogula kuti chimanga chigayike m'deralo.
M'nkhani ya dziko momveka miyeso angapo kugaya chakudya kufufuza ndi kulimbikitsa kwambiri processing ndondomeko ya mankhwala ulimi, ntchito maziko a chitukuko cha mafuta Mowa makampani kwa zaka zambiri mu Anhui Province, ndi chitukuko zolimbitsa mafuta. Mowa ndi imodzi mwa njira zothetsera vutoli.
Chimanga ndi chimodzi mwa mbewu zazikulu zambewu zomwe zimalimidwa kwa alimi kumpoto kwa Anhui m'chigawo chathu. Malo obzala ndi achiwiri kwa tirigu. Kuyambira m’chaka cha 2005, ulimi wa chimanga m’chigawochi wakula chaka ndi chaka. Buku la chaka lachiŵerengero la ziŵerengero la ku China likusonyeza kuti kuchoka pa matani 2.35 miliyoni m’chaka cha 2005 kufika pa matani 4.65 miliyoni m’chaka cha 2014, chiwonjezeko choŵirikiza kaŵiri. Komabe, ponena za kusonkhanitsa tirigu ndi kusungirako, kusungirako kwakukulu kumakhala kosungirako, ndipo kupanikizika kwachuma ndi kwakukulu. Akatswiri ena amafufuza kuti pali matani oposa 280 miliyoni a chiwerengero cha chimanga cha dziko, ndipo mtengo wapachaka wamtengo wapatali pa tani ya chimanga ndi pafupifupi 252 yuan, yomwe imaphatikizapo mtengo wogula, mtengo wosungira, chiwongoladzanja cha chiwongoladzanja, chomwe sichiphatikizapo mayendedwe, kumanga kuchuluka kwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu, etc. mtengo. Mwanjira imeneyi, mtengo wazinthu za chimanga zomwe chaka chandalama uyenera kulipidwa kwa chaka chimodzi upitilira 65.5 biliyoni. Zitha kuwoneka kuti chimanga "chakudya" ndichofulumira.
Kuchulukirachulukirako kwabweretsanso kutsika kwamitengo ya chimanga. Malinga ndi lipoti la mlungu ndi mlungu lowunika mitengo yambewu ndi mafuta, mtengo wa chimanga wachiwiri kumayambiriro kwa Januware 2016 unali 94.5 yuan/50 kg, ndipo pofika pa 8 Meyi, udatsika mpaka 82 yuan/50 kg. Pakati pa mwezi wa June, Li Yong, mkulu wa Huaihe Grain Industry Unite m'boma la Laqiao, mumzinda wa Suzhou, adauza atolankhani kuti mtengo wa chimanga unali pamtengo wa 1.2 yuan pa mphaka kumayambiriro kwa chaka chatha, ndipo mtengo wamsika ndi wokha. pafupifupi 0.75 yuan. Akatswiri oyenerera ochokera ku Provincial Agricultural Committee amakhulupirira kuti kuyambira pano, monga chimanga cha mbewu zazikulu, ndikofunikira kupewa "zovuta kugulitsa chakudya". Kuphatikiza pa miyeso yambiri, kuti mukonzekere kuyika ndikuwonjezera kusonkhanitsa ndi kusungirako, m'pofunikanso kuonjezera mphamvu yopangira chakudya cham'mimba m'mafakitale akumunsi. Kukhoza. Monga malo apakati komanso otsika pazakudya, mabizinesi a ethanol amatha kuyendetsa msika wambewu. Popanda kukhudza kupanga chakudya, wololera chimbudzi cha katundu wa ulimi katundu, kuti ulimi kotunga - mbali kusintha akhoza akuyendera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-13-2022